Nursing HDP401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Messenger Rna, Transfer Rna, Point Mutation
Document Summary
Proteins are active players in most cell processes. Proteins make up the bulk of cell structure, and some serve as enzymes for catalyzing cellular reactions. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. 20 amino acids occur in proteins, distinguished by the shapes and chemical properties of their side chains. Nine of them are an essential part of the human diet. Peptide bonds are enzymatically created within the ribosome, one at a time. Process of converting information stored in nucleic acid sequences in proteins. Genetic code: the ribosomes read mrna sequences in 3-base codons. Messenger rna (mrna): the template that is used to specify amino acid sequences. Ribosomes: complex of proteins and rrna (ribosomal rna) molecules. Transfer rna (trna): small (70-80 nucleotide) rna molecules that serve as adapters between codons in mrna and amino acids. The trna anticodon recognizes the codon in mrna.
