Practical Nursing PNP401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Corticosteroid, Volume Expander, Epoetin Alfa
27 Feb 2018
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[na+] sodium = 135 145 meq/l: primary cation in ecf. Sodium diffuses between vascular and interstitial fluids: transport into and out of cells by sodium- potassium pump, actively secreted into mucus and other secretions, exists in form of sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate. Ingested in food and beverages: plays a major role in, ecf volume and concentration, generation and transmission of nerve impulses, acid-base balance. [k+] potassium = 3. 5 5 meq/l: major intracellular cation (98%) Serum levels are low, with a narrow range. Ingested in foods: excreted primarily in urine, necessary for. Level influenced by acid-base balance: transmission and conduction of nerve and muscle impulses, cellular growth, maintenance of cardiac rhythms, acid-base balance, water balance. Insulin promotes movement of potassium into cells: abnormal potassium levels cause changes in cardiac conduction and are life-threatening! Plasma protein significantly determine plasma volume d/t large molecular size, remain in vascular space and contribute to the colloidal oncotic pressure.
