GEOG 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Ice Shelf, Sea Ice, Extensive-Form Game
1 Sep 2015
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Document Summary
Today, perennial ice covers ~11% of the earth"s land. Glaciers hold >75% of the world"s fresh water. Fluctuations of glacier volume are related to climate variations. 82% decline in volume is expected of alberta glaciers by 2100. 4 types: ice sheets, ice caps, icefields, ice shelf. Ice caps-round with a dome that covers peaks (<50,000km^2 in area) Icefields-not enough ice to form dome and does not cover peaks. Ice shelves-ice sheet attached to land, extends over sea, floats on water. Firn-granular old snow on the earth"s surface that has survived one summer. The loss of glacial ice through melting, sublimation, wind removal by deflation or the calving of blocks of ice. Mechanical wearing and erosion of bedrock accomplished by the rolling and grinding of particles and rocks carried in a stream, removed by wind in a sandblasting action, or imbedded in glacial ice. The top layer of soil that thaws during the summer and freezes again during the winter.
