NURS 232 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Innate Immune System, Endothelium, Lipopolysaccharide
Inflammation and tissue repair
Inflammation is part of the immune system.
Innate immune system examples; skin, cilia, coughing reflex, mucous lining
Second line of defense is also innate and it is inflammation (innate responds the
same way each time you encounter it)
Third line of defense is adaptive it changes depending on what you are dealing with.
Inflammation is acute, chronic, or repair/restorative (repairs after and injury)
Inflammation is due to injury or infection, chemical injury, immune reactions,
foreign bodies
Virus cause inflammation by entering and destroying the cells of the body and when
they are destroys they spill out histamines and cytokines
Bacteria release substances called endotoxins that can initiate inflammation
Stress cause inflammation
These result from inflammation:
• Atheroscleoris- pathology that happens from inflataion. Build up of plac in
the arteries (hardening of the arteries) – the body send cholesterol to cover
over scars and inflammation causes microfractures and then more
scholesterole comes and cuases plaques
• Chronic renal disease – systemic
• Neurological disorders – ms
Acute inflammation is a good thing chronic inflammation isn’t good.
Works with -Itis on the end means inflammation
Tissue injury and the release of chemical mediators ( membranes become
permeable and then things can escape from the cells.
Vasodilation and increased blood flow
Swelling and retraction of activated endothelial cells
Increase vascular permeability and leakage of small plasma proteins
Walling off – bulid up and clot around a bacteria ro prevent it frm spreading to
another part of the body
Movement of immune response cells to he site of injury – cells that are released tag
T cells to respond
Exudate formation – ( mixture of plasma, white blood cells, any toxin, anything that
is at the site of the infection or inflammation)
Movement of glucose and oxygen to the site needing repair ( need extra energy to
repair )
Release of chemical repair factors from activated endothelia cells (fibrin, fibrinogen
come to heal that site.
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Document Summary
Innate immune system examples; skin, cilia, coughing reflex, mucous lining. Second line of defense is also innate and it is inflammation (innate responds the same way each time you encounter it) Third line of defense is adaptive it changes depending on what you are dealing with. Inflammation is acute, chronic, or repair/restorative (repairs after and injury) Inflammation is due to injury or infection, chemical injury, immune reactions, foreign bodies. Virus cause inflammation by entering and destroying the cells of the body and when they are destroys they spill out histamines and cytokines. Bacteria release substances called endotoxins that can initiate inflammation. These result from inflammation: atheroscleoris- pathology that happens from inflataion. Acute inflammation is a good thing chronic inflammation isn"t good. another part of the body. Works with -itis on the end means inflammation. Tissue injury and the release of chemical mediators ( membranes become permeable and then things can escape from the cells.
