LING 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Suppletion, Reduplication, Nonpast Tense
25 Jan 2015
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Inflection: nouns: book, books, verbs: walk, walks, walked, walking, adjectives: big, bigger, biggest, english has 8 inflectional affixes (2 for nouns, 4 for verbs, 2 for adjectives noted below) In english, inflection is usually expressed via affixation. English inflection: nouns, plural s, possessive s, verbs, 3rd person singular non-past s (walks, progressive ing (walking, past tense ed (walked, past principle en/-ed (taken/ walked, adjectives, comparative er (nicer, superlative (nicest) Inflection vs. derivation: four criteria to distinguish between derivation and inflectional affixes, category change, order, productivity, semantic transparency. Category change: derivation changes the grammatical category of the meaning. Inflection adds grammatical information: hospitalize: the ize is the derivation, worked: the ed is the inflection. The inflection affix is the s : derivational affixes will always attach to the root/base first, nouns: wash-ed-er, treat-ing-ment, verbs: nations-al-ize, black-er-en. Inflectional affixes are more productive than derivational affixes: they are less picky, confine confined confinement, align aligned alignment.
