LING 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 34: Cyborg
26 Jan 2015
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Document Summary
The meanings of sentences: while we talked about words in terms of sets and entities, we talked about sentences in terms of truth and conditions, each sentence, we said, has a truth value. If the truth of one sentence guarantees the truth of another sentence, then there is an entailment relation. Contradiction: contradiction arises when one sentence guarantees the falsity of another. In truth conditional terms, the truth conditions for one sentence include the negation of the other: ex: the cyborg killed katya. Katya is alive: ex: the wall is grey. Overview of what was just said: paraphrase: where truth conditions are equal, entailment: one sentence contains all truth conditions of another, contradiction: one sentence has truth conditions containing the negation of the other. Structural ambiguity: where a lexical ambiguity crosses between a noun and a verb, the syntactic structures will also be different.
