LING 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 35: Implicature
26 Jan 2015
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Lexical ambiguity: sentences have multiple meanings because the words have multiple meanings. Structural ambiguity: multiple meanings come from multiple syntactic structures. Referential ambiguity: multiple meanings arising from simple uses of pronouns. Or every girl admires one girl"s parents: ex: her parents are admired by every girl. Strict / sloppy ambiguity: multiple meanings arising from a sentence with a quantifier (every) and a pronoun. Monkey returns: monkey is walking along and walks into three skittles, monkey is picky and didn"t take every skittle, monkey doesn"t take any skittles, monkey takes two and leaves one behind. Summing up: words and sentences can have more than one meaning, sometimes, the different sentence meanings are determined by syntax, but not always. Conversation: philosopher of language who proposed a set of basic norms governing human interactions, the overarching one is relatively simple. The cooperative principle (simplified): make your contributions relevant.
