BIOL 1090 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Pax6, Euchromatin, Chromatin
8 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Genomes and gene control very brief introducion. In general, genome size increases with organismal complexity . But the number of genes does not increase in proporion. The human body has hundreds of cell types diferentiation. Cloning by nuclear transfer argues against gene loss. A lot of the extra stuf in the genomes of more complex organisms has to do with the regulaion of genes. A lot also has no known funcion (but may turn out to be involved in regulaing gene expression in ways that we do not understand yet) Transcripion is a major point of regulaion of gene expression in eukaryotes. Regulated by interacions between proteins and dna sequences within or near the genes, or far from them. Genes consist of enhancers, as well as promoters and coding regions: the drosophila yellow gene. Enhancers regulate where and when genes are expressed. Like promoters, enhancers contain binding sites for transcripion factors: the mouse pax6 gene.
