BIOL 1090 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Spindle Apparatus, Chromatin, Telomerase

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL 1090
• Professor: Andrew Bendall

Document Summary

Lecture 1~2 - dna & chromosome structure (p. 193~214) This population variation is the substrate on which natural selection acts! Dna is the heart of genes & genetics! Final phenotype = influenced by genome"s interactions with environment! Ex: daphnia flies develop differently under different water conditions! (even with the same genome!) C = g by 3 h-bonds! (so more stable) Each cell has 2 meters worth of dna! ==> all must be coiled in 6 micrometer diameter nucleus! Proteins = histones (highly basic) & heterogeneous, acidic proteins. First level of condensation : dna => nucleosomes. Minor groove: composed of proteins > dna > rna. **look at diagrams on slides/textbook for all three levels of condensation! 146 nucleotides wrap 1 turns around octamer of histones. 8 histones: 2 (h2a) + 2 (h2b) + 2 (h3) + 2 (h4: electrostatically stable! b/c histones = positive, dna = negative, anchored by a 9th histone (h1)