ECON 3740 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Fixed Exchange-Rate System, International Monetary Fund, Bretton Woods System

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Floating currency the out(cid:272)o(cid:373)e of a (cid:272)ou(cid:374)tr(cid:455) allo(cid:449)i(cid:374)g its (cid:272)urre(cid:374)(cid:272)(cid:455)"s e(cid:454)(cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge rate to (cid:271)e determined by demand and supply. Exchange rate system an agreement among countries about how exchange rates should be determined. Managed float exchange rate system the current exchange rate system, the value of most currencies is determined by demand and supply, with occasional government intervention. Fixed exchange rate system countries agree to keep the exchange rates among their currencies fixed for long periods of time. Bretton woods system an exchange rate system that lasted from 1944 to 1973 under which countries pledged to buy and sell their currencies at a fixed rate against the dollar. Purchasing power parity the theory that in the long run, exchange rates move to equalize the purchasing powers of different currencies. Tariff a tax imposed by the government on imports. Quota numerical limit that a government imposes on the quantity of a good that can be imported into the country.

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