ENVS 2210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Fluvalinate, Pupa, Hemolymph

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Environmental Sciences
• Course: ENVS 2210
• Professor: Ernesto Guzman

Document Summary

There are more than 20 diseases that affect honey bees. Four of them may cause serious damage (american foulbrood, european foulbrood, chalkbrood and nosema disease). Honey bee diseases can be studied according to their etiology (cause: parasites, fungi, bacteria, viruses) or according to the affected developmental stage (adult bees or brood). Beekeepers should familiarize themselves with the appearance of healthy brood. Healthy larvae are white in colour and the capped brood area of a healthy colony is compact with most of the cells capped. Beekeepers should also look for abnormal appearance of the brood pattern because early detection of diseases is critical to keep strong and productive colonies. The most serious of brood diseases are described below in order of damaging effects. The main brood diseases include american foulbrood, european foulbrood, chalkbrood and sacbrood. Brood diseases are relatively easy to identify in the field with some practice, which allows an early control, which minimizes their damaging effects.