FOOD 2150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Helicobacter Pylori, B Vitamins, Heartburn

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Food Science
• Course: FOOD 2150
• Professor: Doug Goff

Document Summary

Four overall steps of nutrient utilization: ingestion chewing and mixing with saliva. Brain and hypothalamus (neurotransmitters and hormones) are both involved. Ghrelin (hunger hormone) and leptin (satiety hormone) energy homeostasis: digestion the chemical breakdown of large molecules. Infinite number of molecules, limited number of pathways. Excretion end products, toxins, excesses: assimilation uptake of small molecules (the products of digestion) into the body proper. Liver, adipose, muscle: metabolism utilization of the small molecules for energy and as nutrients. Anabolic processes use energy to build molecules (amino acids) Catabolic processes break down molecules and release energy (atp) Digestion and the components of the gastro-intestinal tract (git) Very acidic ph drops to about 1 or 2 from hcl. Acid and peptic enzymes (pepsin) start to break down large food molecules (especially carbohydrates and proteins) No (or little) absorption into the body occurs from the stomach. Elastic capacity to maintain more constant flow of digesta (chyme) to small intestine emptying rate under hormonal control.