MCB 2050 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Transfer Rna, Nummelan Palloseura, Lmna

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Molecular and Cellular Biology
• Course: MCB 2050
• Professor: Peter Krell

Document Summary

Membrane-bound nucleus: nuclear envelope (boundary between cytosol & nucleus, nuclear pores (doorways in the nuclear envelope, organized internal nuclear structure. Compartmentalization of cellular genome & its activities: site of dna replication, transcription, & rna processing, site where translation components (ribosomes, mrna, trna ) are synthesized. Coordination of cellular activities: control of metabolism, protein synthesis, reproduction (cell division) Nuclear envelope: nuclear membrane, nuclear lamina, nuclear pores. Nuclear content: chromatin, nucleoplasm, nuclear matrix, nucleolus. Separates nuclear content from cytoplasm: genome from cytosol, transcription from translation. Selective barrier: allows regulated passage of molecules (rna & proteins) between nucleus and cytosol, establishes composition of nucleus & regulates gene expression. Thin meshwork of long filament-like proteins: abc nuclear lamins (related to cytosolic intermediate filament, 10nm diameter, inner surface of nuclear envelope. Progeria: mutations in the lamin genes responsible for hutchinson-gilford. Progeria syndrome: causes premature aging caused by a point mutation in lmna resulting in destabilization of nuclear lamina and changes in nuclear envelope function.