PHIL 2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: The Oa, Shinto, Organ Transplantation

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Since 1960s, bioethical concerns are becoming increasingly important because: technological breakthrough, which enables a variety of complex situations, the arising (cid:395)uestio(cid:374)s a(cid:271)out do(cid:272)to(cid:396)s(cid:859) autho(cid:396)ity a(cid:374)d thei(cid:396) de(cid:272)isio(cid:374) (cid:373)aki(cid:374)g. The te(cid:396)(cid:373) (cid:862)(cid:271)ioethi(cid:272)s(cid:863) o(cid:396)igi(cid:374)all(cid:455) (cid:449)as desig(cid:374)ed to (cid:373)ea(cid:374) so(cid:373)ethi(cid:374)g else: (cid:862)an i(cid:374)te(cid:396)dis(cid:272)ipli(cid:374)a(cid:396)(cid:455) stud(cid:455) ai(cid:373)ed at e(cid:374)su(cid:396)i(cid:374)g the p(cid:396)ese(cid:396)(cid:448)atio(cid:374) of the (cid:271)iosphe(cid:396)e(cid:863). (cid:862)this te(cid:396)(cid:373)i(cid:374)olog(cid:455) (cid:374)e(cid:448)e(cid:396) (cid:271)e(cid:272)a(cid:373)e (cid:449)idel(cid:455) esta(cid:271)lished, ho(cid:449)e(cid:448)e(cid:396), a(cid:374)d i(cid:374)stead (cid:858)(cid:271)ioethi(cid:272)s(cid:859) came to refer to the growing interest in the ethical issues arising from health care and the (cid:271)io(cid:373)edi(cid:272)al s(cid:272)ie(cid:374)(cid:272)es. (cid:863) Bioethics vs. medical ethics: medi(cid:272)al ethi(cid:272)s, t(cid:396)aditio(cid:374)all(cid:455) (cid:862)has fo(cid:272)used p(cid:396)i(cid:373)a(cid:396)il(cid:455) o(cid:374) the do(cid:272)to(cid:396)-patient relationship and on the virtues possessed by the good doctor. It has also been very mu(cid:272)h (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:272)e(cid:396)(cid:374)ed (cid:449)ith (cid:396)elatio(cid:374)s (cid:271)et(cid:449)ee(cid:374) (cid:272)olleagues (cid:449)ithi(cid:374) the p(cid:396)ofessio(cid:374)(cid:863) Bioethics: (cid:862)bioethi(cid:272)s, o(cid:374) the othe(cid:396) ha(cid:374)d, is a (cid:373)o(cid:396)e o(cid:448)e(cid:396)tl(cid:455) (cid:272)(cid:396)iti(cid:272)al a(cid:374)d (cid:396)efle(cid:272)ti(cid:448)e enterprise. History of medical ethics: (cid:862)while it is ofte(cid:374) thought that it had its (cid:271)egi(cid:374)(cid:374)i(cid:374)g i(cid:374) the da(cid:455)s of hippo(cid:272)(cid:396)ates, i(cid:374) ancient greece, it is in fact much older.

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