PSYC 2740 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Personality Psychology
31 May 2018
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CHAPTER 1
• Definition of personality
o psychological traits
▪ describe, explain, predict
o mechanisms
▪ input, decision rules, output
o within the individual
▪ consistent over time and over situations
o organized
o relatively enduring
o influence his or her interactions with and adaptations to the environment
• 3 levels of analysis in personality psychology
o human nature
▪ every human being is like all others
• ie the need to belong
o individual and group differences
▪ every human being is like some others
• ie variation in need to belong (indiv difference)
• ie men more physically aggressive than women (group difference)
o individual uniqueness
▪ every human being is like no others
▪ 2 approaches
• nomothetic→differences between ppl, quantitative
o ie uni student sample
• ideographic→focus on 1 individual, qualitative
o ie a case study
• fissure in the field
o gap between human nature and group/individual differences
• 6 domains of knowledge
o dispositional
▪ traits
o biological
▪ biological system
o intrapsychic
▪ outside of consciousness
o cognitive experiential
▪ thoughts and feelings
o social and cultural
▪ social and cultural context
o adjustment
▪ coping, adapting, adjusting
• theory vs beliefs
o theory→tested by systematic observation
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