SOC 1500 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Social Learning Theory, Sheldon Cooper, Cesare Lombroso
1 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
SEPT 21
Foundations
• Crimes came from demons, evil spirits, and being possessed
• Magna Carta
o Foundation of all civil liberties around the world
• Locke
o Come into the world as blank slates
o First theory of how individuals became criminals
o Surroundings more influential than personality and biology
o Morals formulate who we are
• Rational thought and free will
o All rational beings
• Anyone can choose to be a criminal at any time
• People are self-determining
• Laws are the conditions on which independent and isolated men united to form a society
o This is the way we want to behave
o As a society we agree on negative behaviours
o Punishments based on deterrence rather than retribution
o Need to stop people from doing the crime again
o Crime prevention more important than revenge
• Deterrence
o To stop someone from doing something
o Specific
▪ Punished individual will not commit crime for fear of suffering additional
punishment
▪ Stopping one person
▪ Armed robber (8 years in prison)
• Are’t ale to reoffed
• Harsh punishment
• Similar or harsher if reoffend
• Does not affect others
o General
▪ Others will not commit crime for fear of suffering same punishment
▪ Punishment aimed at one person that affects others
▪ Aimed at public
▪ Tow away zone signs
• Deters many people
o Three components of affective deterrence
▪ Celerity
• Closer to act, better the result
• Speed
• Punishment closer to act; more effective it will be
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Document Summary
Sept 21: crimes came from demons, evil spirits, and being possessed, magna carta, foundation of all civil liberties around the world. Laws are the conditions on which independent and isolated men united to form a society: this is the way we want to behave, as a society we agree on negative behaviours, punishments based on deterrence rather than retribution. Types of theories: psychology, mind, personality, mental state, biology, physical makeup, sociology, social influences, ses. Correlation vs causation: correlation, relationship, cause, relationship that always happens, directionality. Cesare lombroso the born criminal: criminals are atavists, (cid:862)(cid:271)iologi(cid:272)al thro(cid:449)(cid:271)a(cid:272)ks(cid:863) or (cid:862)pri(cid:373)iti(cid:448)e sa(cid:448)ages(cid:863) Sheldon somatypes: 3 body types, ectomorph. If they"re (cid:271)oth i(cid:374)(cid:448)ol(cid:448)ed i(cid:374) (cid:272)ri(cid:373)e, it (cid:373)ight see(cid:373) that ge(cid:374)es are the (cid:272)ause: biology and sociology, biology that is causing criminology, twins often share the same house. Identical might be treated the same: fraternal might be treated differently, sister is treated differently than brother.
