BIOL 2242 Lecture Notes - Lecture 33: Ophrys Insectifera, Stapelia, Cypripedium

• School: University of Manitoba
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIOL 2242
• Professor: Isobel Waters

Document Summary

Initial attractants: flower colour, display size, scent, food rewards, nectar, pollen. Over 1/3 of the orchid family (~9000/27000 species) offer no food rewards: how to sttract pollinators, mimicry, food mimicry, sexual mimicry. Fyi: ophyrs speculus (fly orchid) vs. o. insectifera (mirror bee orhid) example of sexual mimicry. 20. 12b, a succulent milkweed, stapelia, p. 487: some fly-pollinated flowers are dark, non-showy, with foul odour, attracts carrion flies, many flies visit the same flowers as bees. Bee-pollinated flowers: various colours, white, yellow, blue, not red, generally sweet-smelling, nectar glands, also eat pollen, often specialized structures that (cid:498)fit(cid:499) with bee"s body structures. Fyi: bee colour vision: bees have blue, green, and ultra-violet colour receptors in their eyes, on diagram: In comparison: humans have blue, green, and red. Summer 2017: open circles = human colours, closed circles = bee colours. Fyi honey guides: many bee flowers have elaborately marked petals that direct pollinator movement, e. g. , foxglove (digitalis, also have landing platforms.