ARCH 112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Moctezuma Ii, Valley Of Mexico, Patrilocal Residence
27 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Mesoamerican Civilizations
Highland Mexico –Valley of Mexico
Highland Mexico is another region of Mesoamerica where a number of
civilizations with large, urban centers emerged
○
Teotihuacán
This city located in the Valley of Mexico is the earliest city-state to
dominate this region
§
It flourished 2,200 to 1,500 years ago
§
50 km NE Mexico City
§
Largest city before Europeans arrived in this city
§
A.D. 500 over 100,000people living in this center (as high as
200,000 people)
§
Largest city all over the world in this time period
§
500 workshops--pottery, tool manufacturing--obsidian
§
2000 apartment complexes--generally related--especially brothers
(practiced patrilocality)
§
The housing is some economic inequality--some are larger
(courtyard areas--some are smaller and crowded)--showing
difference in economy--though there are no evidence of poverty
§
Can see ethnic diversity
§
Extensive trade network--trading with people in the Olmec region
§
Population grew rapidly
§
Pyramid of the sun built 2000 ya--honour worship gods and used as
a tomb--built over a cave site--largest monumental structure in this
area
§
Pyramid of the moon--contains royal tomb
§
When studied the skeletons of when this city was in decline there
was a high degree of nutritional decline--high degree of infant death
§
○
Toltec
Tula - The Toltec capital in the Valley of Mexico
§
dates 1,200 –750 years ago
§
Took over dominance in Valley of Mexico--pre-Aztec empire
§
Continue to build monumental pyramids
§
Pyramids, ball courts, alters, sacrifices being made
§
Evidence of trade into the present-day united states--evidence of
turquoise were trade
§
○
Aztec
The Mesoamerican civilization the Spanish encountered when they
entered the Valley of Mexico in 1519
§
Tenochtitlan - Aztec capital city in the Valley of Mexico
§
dates 675 –480 years ago
§
Chinampas -Raised agricultural beds built in lakes and swamps--
artificial islands to build crops
§
Templo Mayor - Great temple of the Aztecs. Monumental, ritual
structure in the centre of Tenochtitlan--built in stages (added on for
about 11 years)--God of war and rain--lots of ceremonial caches--
human sacrifice was practiced--wore skull masks
§
Hernan Cortes - Spanish conquistador who arrived in Mexico in
1519--conquistador
§
Montezuma II - Aztec leader in power when the Spanish arrived
§
Aztec is referred to as a an empire--single leader
§
Ruled this area until 1519--built on the success of earlier cities
§
Mainly cared at maintaining there wealth and expanding--
conquered a really large areas
§
Largest city in the Span yards when conquered by Cortes
§
1400s 200,000 people lived there--large and sophisticated
§
Modern-day Mexico city
§
Tezcoco
§
○
-
New World Civilization: Mesoamerica (pg. 343-350,
424-457)
Monday, November 27, 2017
11:26 AM
Document Summary
Highland mexico is another region of mesoamerica where a number of civilizations with large, urban centers emerged. This city located in the valley of mexico is the earliest city-state to dominate this region. Largest city before europeans arrived in this city. A. d. 500 over 100,000people living in this center (as high as. Largest city all over the world in this time period. The housing is some economic inequality--some are larger (courtyard areas--some are smaller and crowded)--showing difference in economy--though there are no evidence of poverty. Extensive trade network--trading with people in the olmec region. Pyramid of the sun built 2000 ya--honour worship gods and used as a tomb--built over a cave site--largest monumental structure in this area. When studied the skeletons of when this city was in decline there was a high degree of nutritional decline--high degree of infant death. Tula - the toltec capital in the valley of mexico dates 1,200 750 years ago.
