AFM351 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Financial Audit, Financial Statement, Internal Control

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lemonbeetle804

22 Aug 2019

School

University of Waterloo

Department

Accounting & Financial Management

Course

AFM351

Professor

Adam Vitalis

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Document Summary

Assurance engagement: an engagement performed by an auditor or consultant to enhance reliability of the subject matter. Applicable financial reporting framework: the financial framework chosen by management to prepare a company"s financial statements. Assertions: statements made by management regarding the recognition, measurement, and presentation and disclosure of items in the financial statements. Audit evidenc e: information used by the auditor to support the audit opinion. Audit file: the file where the evidence and documentation of the work performed are kept as a permanent record to support the opinion issued. Audit plan: the list or description of audit proc edures to be performed. Financial statements: a structured representation of historical financial information, including the required disclosures. Independent auditor"s report: the auditor"s formal expression of opinion on whether the financial statements are in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework. Internal control: the processes implemented and maintained by management to help the entity achieve its objectives.

Related Questions

The following statements relate to general principles or terms used in the audit of financial statements. Identify at least two errors from each of the following statements (a)-(e) and explain why these are errors and suggest corrections.

(a) Audit objective (4 marks)

The objective of an audit of financial statements is for auditors to make sure the financial statements give a true and correct view in all respects in accordance with an identified financial reporting framework and to ensure that they detect all fraud that may have taken place.

(b) HKSA (4 marks)

The Hong Kong Standards on Auditing specify exactly the necessary audit procedures that auditors should perform. For all private and listed companies, the Financial Reporting Council is responsible for investigating all deviations from the Hong Kong Standards on Auditing.

Auditors and their clients should agree on the terms of the engagement, which can be recorded either in the management representation letter or other suitable form of verbal contract. This letter is required to be reissued before the start of every audit, regardless of whether there are any changes to the terms.

(d) Audit opinion (4 marks)

The auditor was unable to attend and observe the inventory count of the companyâs subsidiary in Bangkok due to the recent riots over the current government. The inventory in Bangkok accounts for 80% of the groupâs total inventory. lnventory is a significant amount within current assets but is not considered significant in respect of total assets. The auditor decided the most appropriate audit opinion is an adverse opinion.

(e) Audit documentation (4 marks)

Since the client paid for the audit, the audit working papers are the property of the audit client and they can be used as substitutes for the company's accounting records in case the companyâs accounting records are destroyed in a fire.

azureant228

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders

Amazon.com, Inc.

We have audited Amazon.com, Inc.âs internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on criteria established in Internal ControlâIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (1992 framework) (the COSO criteria). Amazon.com, Inc.âs management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Managementâs Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Companyâs internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A companyâs internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A companyâs internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companyâs assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Amazon.com, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Amazon.com, Inc. as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, stockholdersâ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013 of Amazon.com, Inc. and our report dated January 30, 2014 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Seattle, Washington

January 30, 2014

Please answer the following:

review the audit report prepared by the auditors. Let us know the name of the company, the name of the CPA firm that prepared the audit report and tell us the type of opinion that was provided. Also, discuss the role of the audit firm in the audit process.

whitemarten886

Which of the following statements is most correct regarding the independent auditor's reliance on the tests of controls performed by the internal auditors to reduce their substantive testing?

1-The independent auditor must obtain assurance of the independence of the internal auditors but need not test their work.

2-It is not acceptable for the independent auditor to rely upon the work of the internal auditors.

3-There are no restrictions in relying upon the work of internal auditors.

4-The independent auditor must evaluate the competency and objectivity of the internal auditors and must test a sample of the work of the internal auditors in order to rely upon their work.

The term "materiality" as used in auditing is best described as the

1-substance of the auditing procedures.

2-amount of misstatement on the financial statements that would influence a decision maker.

3-underlying evidence upon which the audit opinion is based.

4-amount of material the auditor gathers as evidence to support the audit opinion.

Prior to accepting an audit client an auditor has a professional obligation to

1-contact the predecessor auditor.

2-perform preliminary analytical review procedures.