BIOL240 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Large Intestine, Termite, Nucleoid
30 May 2017
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Document Summary
Genetic information, genomes and cell structure are distinct. First established by sequencing rrna (carl woese and george fox) Associated with extreme environments, but some archaea live in normal places too. Methanogens: methano = methane-producing organisms, no bacterial or eukaryotic methanogens. Halobacterium salinarum = dead sea and salted foods. Pyrococcus furiosus = hydrothermal vents (high temperature and pressure) Picrophilus oshimae = sulfur rich volcanic regions (low ph) Typically micron -> 5 microns in diameter: exceptions include nanoarchaeum equitans, which is super small. Cocci shaped, spirals, rods, pleioporphic similar to bacteria shapes: pleiomorphic sulfolobus and thermoproteus tenax, most unusual shape = flat squares, like haloquadratum walsbyi. Very thin (0. 1 um width), dividing and growing like postage stamps. Found in salty water, contains gas vesicles for buoyancy. Mrna, trna, ribosomes and dna in cytoplasm inclusion bodies exist (gas vacuoles/vesicles) One of archaea"s polymerases is exactly like eukaryotes.
