GEOG306 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Ice Dam, Soil Fertility, Saguenay River
13 Jun 2016
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Document Summary
Range from slow to rapid-onset (and dissipation): Slow monsoon/snowmelt regional flood local/heavy rainfall ice jam storm surge flash flood fast. River & lake: regional flood: slow onset and dissipation. Flash flood: rapid onset and dissipation: canyon, urban, ice jam, landslide, dam break. Coastal: storm surge: rapid onset/medium dissipation, tsunami: rapid onset/dissipation. Seasonal flood pulse" is a vital part of any wetland ecosystem. Most common flood-prone environments: low lying parts of major floodplains, low lying coasts and deltas, small basins prone to flash floods, areas below unsafe or inadequate dams/levees, low-lying inland shorelines, alluvial fans, areas with impermeable surfaces. Flood prone environments + human settlements = flood disasters. Major killer: 1st: bio hazard, 2nd: drought, 3rd: flood, 4th: cyclonic storms or earthquakes. Loss distribution: most costly floods: dcs (b/yr usa, most deadly floods: ldcs (bangladesh) Floods in ldcs, occasionally are deadly and costly: yangtze flood 1998: 3000 killed, b damages, sudan flood 1998: 200 000 houses, b damages.
