PSYCH207 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Groot, Frontal Lobe, Episodic Memory
Document Summary
Terms individual differences: stable patterns of performance that differ qualitatively across inds. (intelligence, expertise, bilingualism, etc. ) Sum total of a person"s cognitive abilities and resources. Keating & bobbitt: three experiments (third, seventh, eleventh graders) Age and ability differences result from efficiency (ex; high ability children acquire, store, manipulate basic info. more rapidly and efficiently than same age peers) Multiple intelligences (mi) theory: gardner"s theory that intelligence can be divided into distinct types (ex; musical, bodily-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, linguistic, spatial ) Pluralistic theory of mind intelligence = ability to solve problems/fashion products that are valued in one or more cultural/community settings . Groot, chase, and simon: experiment on chess experts and novices. Experts = better memories through chunk or used chess knowledge chess pieces into meaningful configurations to encode structures. Reingold: experts = perceptually encode chess configurations rather than ind. chess pieces visual span also larger for experts while they processed structured, not random, chess positions.
