BIOL 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Plasmid
Document Summary
Transformation: when transport of donor dna from environment changes the phenotype of the recipient. Not all mutational genotypic changes produce phenotypic change. All phenotypic changes require mutational genotype change. Do(cid:374)o(cid:396) dna (cid:272)o(cid:373)es f(cid:396)o(cid:373) (cid:396)esista(cid:374)t (cid:271)a(cid:272)te(cid:396)iu(cid:373) + the(cid:396)e"s possi(cid:271)ility of ho(cid:373)ologous recombination between donor and recipient dna. Then recipient bacteria can acquire antibiotic resistance by transformation. Transformational changes from an antibiotic-sensitive (ants) phenotype to an antibiotic- resistant (antr) phenotype result from. All bacteria have a gyra gene encoding a gyra protein ex. Associated with infection of a prokaryote by a virus. Viruses: acellular entities (forms of life?) that use host cells to reproduce. Viruses that infect bacteria (and archaea) = phage. (cid:862)phagos(cid:863) = to eat. Phages exist in 2 stages: extracellular inactive state: virion or virus particle, intracellular active state: pie(cid:272)e of (cid:862)(cid:374)aked(cid:863) dna = the (cid:448)i(cid:396)us. May have some gene encoding proteins for making viral: But never have a complete set of genes for any of these processes.
