BIOL 205 Lecture 14: Echinodermata.pdf

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pinkwolf58

24 Feb 2015

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Echinodermata: coelomate deuterostomes, symmetry ________________________, decentralized nervous system, complete gut. 6: hemal system, no excretory system, all marine (mostly benthic) * general body forms: crinoidea: mouth anus, ophiuroidea: mouth mouth (anus lost) * general body forms: holothuroidea: mouth anus anus. * body wall & water vascular system: (example: asteriodea) * feeding & digestion: echinoids, grazers, suspension feeders, selective deposit feeders, holothuroids, suspension feeders, selective deposit feeders, direct deposit feeders, ophiuroids, selective deposit feeders, predators, crinoids, suspension feeders, asteroids, predators, scavengers, detritus feeders, suspension feeders anus mouth. * circulation & gas exchange: pervisceral coeloms, hemal system, water vascular system, asteriods, echinoids, holothuroids: epidermis coelom. * nervous system: decentralized: ectoneural system (sensory, intra-epidermal (receptors etc. , sub-epidermal net (main components, hyponeural system (motor, sense organs, tactile , chemoreceptors, ocelli , georeceptors. Sexual: nearly all dioecious, five pairs of gonads, development, mostly indirect, mixed (e. g. crinoids, direct (e. g. brooding in ophiuroids)

Related Questions

1. The two major divisions of the nervous system are the CNS and the PNS.(T or F)

2. Action potentials normally travel along an axon in either direction depending on the needs of the animal.(T or F)

3. The axon of a nerve cell carries signals toward the part of the cell that houses the nucleus.(T or F)

4. When you are nervous you notice that your mouth is dry and your heart is racing. This is caused by the sympathetic division of your autonomic nervous system.(T or F)

5. The PNS consists of the somatic nervous system which controls smooth muscles etc. and the autonomic nervous system which sends messages to the skeletal muscles. (T or F)

6. When you do not have 20/20 vision and wear contact lenses or eye glasses, they work to improve your sight because they bend the light rays to correct your vision. (T or F)

7. All of the following are examples of a general category of sensory receptors: thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, electromagnetic receptors, chemoreceptors, and auditory receptors.(T or F)

8. If an animal is diurnal (active during the day) it probably has more cones in its eyes to distinguish more colors because its prey may have evolved to be camouflaged in the daylight.(T or F)

9. If you could not move the muscles in your eye, you would still expect that you could focus on different objects at different distances.(T or F)

10. If you had a pet spider and looked him lovingly in the eye you would see that he has a compound eye rather than a single lens like you would find in your own eye. (T or F)

The Cambrian explosion is a prime example of ________________.

		mass extinction
		evolutionary stasis
		a large meteor impact
		adaptive radiation

1 points

QUESTION 2

Most animals are viviparous.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 3

The first phylum with ganglia in their nervous system are the ________________________.

		Mollusca
		Nematoda
		Bivalvia
		Platyhelminthes

1 points

QUESTION 4

The last common ancestor of all animals was probably a _____________________.

		a unicellular worm
		multicellular algae
		flagellated protist
		multicellular fungus

1 points

QUESTION 5

You are given an unknown organism to identify. It is unicellular and heterotrophic. It is motile by use of many short extensions of the cytoplasm. It has well-developed organelles and two nuclei, one large, one small. The organism is most likely to be a ______________.

		foraminifera
		radiolarian
		ciliate
		flagellate

1 points

QUESTION 6

Which of the following organisms would you expect to have the largest surface-area-to-volume ratio? Assume that all of the following are the same total length.

		A mollusc
		A nematode
		A platyhelminth
		Not enough information to determine.

1 points

QUESTION 7

If the animal is a hermaphrodite, it is said to be _______________.

		dioecious
		eutelic
		monoecious
		trioecious

1 points

QUESTION 8

A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange and segmentation. A knowledgeable zoologist should predict that the adults of this species would also feature ____________.

		eight legs
		two pairs of antennae
		a sessile lifecycle
		an open circulatory system

1 points

QUESTION 9

The Phylum Echinodermata exhibits metamerism.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 10

The existence of evolutionary trends, such as increasing body sizes among horse species, is evidence that _____.

		a larger volume-to-surface area ratio is adaptive in many mammals
		evolution generally progresses toward some goal
		evolution tends toward increased complexity or increased size
		in particular environments, similar adaptations can be beneficial to more than one species

1)Mushrooms and other fungi were once lumped in with the plant kingdom. Modern science has separated them into their own kingdom. Kingdom Fungi is distinguished from Kingdom Plantae by the fact that unlike plants fungi.

A)grow a haploid multicellular form from a haploid spore

B)have no cell walls

C)grow, rather than locomote, toward resources

D)are absorptive heterotrophs.

E)have no haploid multicellular stage

2)Members of the Kingdom Fungi are easily distinguished from the Kingdom Plantae because the Fungi

A)Do not have photosynthtic pigments.

B)Are mostly not adapted for living on land

C)Do not have cell walls

D)are primarily unicellular

E)All the above

3)Which of the following would NOT be part of a lichen?

A)chlorophytes

B) zygosporangia

C) basidiocarps

D)Soredia

E)Asci

4)The process of metamorphosis transforms a ______ into a ______________.

A)larva; sexually mature adult

B) blastopore;mouth

C)pseudocoelom; true coelom

D)zygote;blastula

E)blastula;gastrula

5)Which of the following tissues or structures could NOT be derived from ectoderm?

A) all but the digestive tract of a jellyfsh

B) all thin skin of a platyhelminth

C)the brain of a squid

D) the muscles of a nematode

E)your epidermis

6)Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the phylum Platyhelminthes?

A) true mesodermal tissue

B) cephalization involving concentration of nerve ganglia

C) gas and water exchange is across the thin body wall

D) free living and parasitic form

E) segmentation

7)A triploblastic animal in which the fluid?filled body cavity is only partially lined (lined on one side) with mesodermal tissue is referred to as:

A)coelomate

B)deuterostome

C)acoelomate

D)protostome

E)pseudocoelomate

8)Which of the following groups are diploblastic animals?

A)corals

B) sponges

C) comb jellies

D) a and b

E) a and c

9)Animals that actively move in a unidirectional fashion through their environment would be expected to exhibit which of the following characteristics?

A) bilateral symmetry

B) sponges

C) comb jellies

D) a and b

E) a and c

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BIOL 205 Lecture 14: Echinodermata.pdf

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