CHEM 123 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Conjugate Acid, Electrostatic Induction, Lone Pair

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CHEM 123 Full Course Notes
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CHEM 123 Full Course Notes
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>reaction mechanisms and curved arrow formalism (pair of electrons) From where electrons start to where electrons end up. Bond forms when lone pair electrons atom. Bond breaks when atom electrons in bond goes to neighbouring atom. Involves electron movement through the pi-system (p-orbitals: can move electrons but cannot move bonds, resonance structures do not have to contribute equally. >resonance patterns to watch for: pi-sigma-pi, pi-sigma-positive charge (formal charge moves, pi-sigma-lone pair of electrons (lone pair from either sigma or pi framework) >acid/base in o-chem: bronsted base: h-atom acceptor, bronsted acid: h-atom donor, note: lower pka lots of stronger acid/base that is needed to be split up. Whichever species (reactant/product) is more favored at equilibrium. Note: weaker charged acid/base are more stable (lower energy) Determine stability of charged species (desires more stable charged species side) >effects to consider when determining stability (comparison between separated.

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