ECON 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Unemployment Benefits, Output Gap, Phillips Curve
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Chapter 24 from the short run to the long run: the adjustment of factor prices. The short run: factor prices are assumed to be exogenous; they may change but the change is not explained within the model, technology and factor supplies (and therefore potential gdp y*) are assumed to be constant. The short-run macroeconomic equilibrium is where ad and as curves intersect. As demand or supply shocks shift ad or as, real gdp fluctuates (rise and fall) around y* called business cycle. The adjustment of factor prices to the long run: factor prices are flexible and respond to output gaps, technology and factor supplies (and y*) are constant. Explains how deviation of y from y* causes factor prices and wage to adjust. This adjustment process is assumed to take place with the constant level of y*. Thus ad or as shock has no lung run effect on y*.
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a) | In the AD-AS model, stagflation does not persist, because the working of the self-correcting mechanism of the economy _____ the level of output and _____ the price level until the economy eventually returns to a long-run equilibrium state, where actual output _____ potential output.
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b) | The LRAS curve is drawn as a vertical line at potential output (Y*) to indicate that
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c) | Stagflation arises in the context of the AD-AS model when some external factor causes
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d) | If the SRAS curve is positively sloped, then a decrease in the demand for Canadian-made goods in Europe will lead to _____ in the price level, in the short run.
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e) | Which of the following will shift the aggregate demand curve to the right?
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f) | Suppose a stock market crash decreases the stock of household wealth and therefore causes autonomous consumption to fall. Which of the following is the likely result?
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g) | An economy is characterized by the AD equation P = 200 ? 0.02Y, SRAS equation P = 100 and LRAS equation Y* = 5000. In the absence of any change in policy or exogenous shocks, this economy will achieve a long-run price level of
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h) | The AD-AS model depicts a self-correcting economy. This means that the price level in the model adjusts automatically in response to a(n) _____ gap, so as to eliminate the _____ gap in the long run, without requiring any help from government policies.
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i) | The aggregate demand curve shows
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j) | Consider an economy initially at long-run equilibrium with output (Y) equal to potential output (Y*). If the SRAS is positively sloped, then a shift to the right of the AD curve will lead to _____ in the price level, in the short run. In the long run, the SRAS curve will shift to the _____ and the equilibrium will be at __________.
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