EOSC 114 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Phreatomagmatic Eruption, Landslide, Fumarole
3 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Eosc volcanoes - types of volcanoes and erupions. Where do volcanoes occur: plate boundaries, hot spots. Crust composiion and melt origin will strongly inluence the type of volcanism. Only examine volcanoes at divergent and convergent boundaries. Distribuion of volcanoes - paciic ring of fire: plate boundaries. Oceanic volcanic arc: island arc diferent composiion magmas than cont. Depends what magma has to migrate through. Maic magma from a plume of hot mantle. Divergent boundaries mantle rises in a dike, pressure decreases. Hot spots mantle rises in cylindrical plume, pressure decreases. 4 types of volcanoes: cinder cones maic, explosive, shield volcanoes maic non explosive, stratovolcanoes intermediate, felsic, mixed, calderas felsic, explosive very big, strongest. Passive erupion of magma: lava flows, lava domes, gravitaional collapse of lava lows/domes pyroclasic lows. Outer crust cools and solidiies insulaing the molten interior. Widespread distribuion of ash in the downwind direcion. The key to explosive volcanism = gas content and melt viscosity.
