GEOB 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Allopatric Speciation, Peppered Moth, Speciation

10 views3 pages

burgundysardine766

2 Nov 2016

School

UBC

Department

Geographical Biogeosciences

Course

GEOB 102

Professor

Simon Donner

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Evolution

GEOB 102

October 28, 2016

1. Review of genetics

2. What is evolution?

3. Apply natural selection to peppered moth case study

4. Speciation

Define: evolution, gene, allele, mutation, recombination (relate)

List and explain the components of evolution by natural selection

Contrast sympatric and allopatric speciation

What are genes?

- Chemical structures in living cells that are passed from parents to offspring

- Made of DNA molecules that specify how to build proteins

- Determine traits

What are alleles?

- Different forms of a gene—each results in the production of a different version of the

protein the gene encodes

Review of Basic Genetics

- Chromosomes: one allele is inherited from your mom & one from your dad

- Two alleles for every gene

What is evolution?

- Change in allele frequency in a population over time

- Changes lead to differential survival and reproductive success of individuals, and

populations evolve

The Theory of Evolution

- Charles Darwin 1859: The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection

1. Individuals that make up population vary

2. At least some of the variation is heritable

3. More offspring are produced than can survive because population size is limited (by

resources and the environment)

4. Some individuals contribute more offspring to the next generation than others

“urvival of the fittest

This results in evolution by natural selection.

Survival of the Fittest: individuals who are better adapted to the environment (more suitable

traits) contribute more offspring to the next generation due to differential survival and

reproduction

find more resources at oneclass.com

Unlock document

This preview shows page 1 of the document.
Unlock all 3 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in

mauveporpoise396 and 1 other unlocked

GEOB 102 Full Course Notes

Verified Note

1 document

Document Summary

Geob 102: review of genetics, what is evolution, apply natural selection to peppered moth case study, speciation. List and explain the components of evolution by natural selection. Chemical structures in living cells that are passed from parents to offspring. Made of dna molecules that specify how to build proteins. Different forms of a gene each results in the production of a different version of the protein the gene encodes. Chromosomes: one allele is inherited from your mom & one from your dad. Change in allele frequency in a population over time. Changes lead to differential survival and reproductive success of individuals, and populations evolve. Survival of the fittest: individuals who are better adapted to the environment (more suitable traits) contribute more offspring to the next generation due to differential survival and reproduction. Genetically determined traits help individuals cope with their environment. Adaptations arise through evolution in a population. Two genetically controlled morphologies: dark and light.

Related Questions

Evolution is change over ____________. Why is evolution an important concept in biology?

What is a population? How can you identify a population in nature?

What is the ultimate source of random variation in a population? Is this the only source of variation, why or why not?

What is a gene pool? Why is it important to our study of evolution?

How is variation inherited in a population? HINT: There are at least two main contributors to this variation. You should be focusing on gametes!

What is microevolution versus macroevolution?

How do the peppered moths show us microevolution in nature? Why is this NOT macroevolution? HINT: you should consider alleles and mating in your answer.

Do you believe that the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is common in nature? Why or why not? In your answer, you should incorporate your knowledge of populations, evolution, and genetics.

Evolution is driven by adaptation and natural selection. In populations, we refer to organisms that are âmost fit.â Explain how evolution and the environment would result in organisms that are âmost fit.â In your answer, indicate whether the âmost fitâ organism today is likely to be the âmost fitâ organism in the future and why.

Microevolution is a change in the frequency of ___________________ in a population but has not resulted in a speciation event thus far. Given this, what factors could lead to a speciation event for this population?

How would you know that a population had divided into two different species (macroevolution)? How could you test for a speciation event experimentally?

2 Genetics -Match the terms with the most suitable description.
(Points : 16)

: An allele that can be expressed byan individual that is heterozygous.