PHAR 454 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Esophageal Hiatus, Hiatus Hernia, Candida Albicans
5 Apr 2017
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Document Summary
Decreased gastric pepsin and intrinsic factor secretion in pts with atrophic gastritis. Other medical conditions: parkinson"s, stroke, peripheral neuropathy/diabetes as causes. Difficulty in swallowing is usually a sign of esophageal disease. Results from: mechanical narrowing of the esophagus (tumors, strictures, motor disorders, achalasia. Gastrointestinal disorders in the elderly: spasm, presbyoesophagues. Achalasia: failure of relaxation of the lower segment of the esophagus due to absence or disease of the ganglion cells in the smooth muscle of the esophagus. Diffuse spasm: involves thickening of the smooth muscle of the esophagus. Presbyoesophagus: a condition most commonly seen in the very old (over 80) where the esophagus becomes poorly coordinated. There is esophageal spasm, loss of coordinated peristalsis, elongation and distortion of the esophagus to produce a corkscrew oesophagus . Many of the poor eating habits that elderly acquire (low-fibre diets, avoidance of solid foods, increased intake of liquid foods) are based on an adaptation to eliminate dysphagia.
