PHRM 311 Lecture Notes - Gastroparesis, Vasoconstriction, Biliary Tract
Document Summary
Pathophysiology and pharmacology of nausea and vomiting (part 1) Thought that there is a cortical nausea area, which receives input from brainstem regions that receive information about gi function. May cause sweating, salivation, cutaneous vasoconstriction, hr mediated through activation of the autonomic nervous system. Vomiting expulsion of stomach contents through the oral (and nasal) cavity. Retching contraction of the gi system without oral ejection. Found in medullary reticular formation (brainstem: area postrema (ap) Thought to be the emetic chemoreceptor zone, projects to nts: nucleus tractus solitarius (nts) Receives input from vagal afferents and coordinates emesis (vomiting) i. e. swallowing, salivation, respiration, cardiovascular, gi contractions (retching: dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (dmv) Not isolated from the peripheral circulation by the bbb. Contains receptors for da, neurokinins, 5-ht, neuropeptides, and hormones. Brainstem blood supply changes (e. g. hemorrhage, migraine) causes activation and through this mechanism can induce nausea.
