PHIL 202-3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Samyak, Nirjara, Sadhu
PHIL 202
Ch. 7 Jaina Traditions (pt. 2)
Practice
• Three Jewels
1. Samyak caritra (correct practice)
2. Samyak darshan (correct intuition)
3. Samyak jnana (correct knowledge)
• Suffering is real and needs active human intervention
• Soul is physically trapped in karmic matter
1. Must be dealt with physically through fasting and penance
Practice, cont’d
• Enlightenment hinges on practice
• Good intentions are not enough, need action
• The soul must shed karma
o Two types of practices
• Defensive (samvara)
o Detachment and mindfulness stops new karma
o Nirjara (purging) burns off old karma—fasting, meditation,
physical discipline
• Offensive
• Renouncers make vows that makes it nearly impossible to develop new karma
Practice, cont’d
• Householders can limit new karma through fasting, and limiting possessions
• Life governed by vows
o Renouncers: mahavratas
o Householders: anuvratas
Ascetic Practice
• Mahavratas
o Fie geat os take y a aseti muni or sadhvi)
1. Non-harm (ahimsa)
2. Truthfulness (satya)
3. Non-stealing (asteya)
4. Celibacy (brahmacharya)
5. Non-possession (aparigraha)
o Must ask permission from family and spouse
o Depend entirely on householders
Ascetic Practice, cont’d
• Ahimsa is the primary vow
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Document Summary
Practice, cont"d: householders can limit new karma through fasting, and limiting possessions. Life governed by vows: renouncers: mahavratas, householders: anuvratas. Ascetic practice: mahavratas, fi(cid:448)e (cid:862)g(cid:396)eat (cid:448)o(cid:449)s(cid:863) take(cid:374) (cid:271)y a(cid:374) as(cid:272)eti(cid:272) (cid:894)muni or sadhvi, non-harm (ahimsa, truthfulness (satya, non-stealing (asteya, celibacy (brahmacharya, non-possession (aparigraha, must ask permission from family and spouse, depend entirely on householders. Householder practice: anuvratas: (cid:862)lesse(cid:396) (cid:448)o(cid:449)s(cid:863, same names as mahavratas, but interpreted and applied with more lenience, ahimsa anuvrata, prohibits eating certain foods, and eating after dark (injury to insects, compromise between existence in the world and spiritual progress. Reflection-mediation: samayika, 48 (cid:373)i(cid:374)utes a day to (cid:862)d(cid:449)ell i(cid:374) the soul(cid:863, absence of distractions (cid:862)to (cid:396)e(cid:373)ai(cid:374) i(cid:374) the state of e(cid:395)ua(cid:374)i(cid:373)ity (cid:449)ithout atta(cid:272)h(cid:373)e(cid:374)t a(cid:374)d hat(cid:396)ed, a(cid:374)d to t(cid:396)eat all li(cid:448)i(cid:374)g (cid:271)ei(cid:374)gs e(cid:395)ual to o(cid:374)e"s self is (cid:272)alled a(cid:373)ayika. E(cid:395)ua(cid:374)i(cid:373)ity is the a(cid:272)t of (cid:396)e(cid:373)ai(cid:374)i(cid:374)g calm and tranquil. It is essential for the practice of non-(cid:448)iole(cid:374)(cid:272)e(cid:863) (cid:894) had, (cid:374). d. (cid:895)
