PSYC1003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Normal Distribution, Descriptive Statistics, Standard Deviation
Psychology 1001 September 19th 2016
Test #1
-Names ARE important, know which psychologists were part of which type of psychology.
Non-experimental Design: Descriptive/ Correlational
Descriptive/ Correlational Methods: Looking for links
Experimental Method:
- Minimize individual differences
- Looking for casual relationships
Observational Research: -become part of society or community, or be hidden. You have no control over
the environment.
Case studies: looks at one or just a few individuals, in depth investigation (after the fact, no control).
Survey Research: -questionnaires & interviews. Looking at relationships between variables studied.
Descriptive Statistics
Statistics and Research: Looking for conclusions
Statistics: using mathematics to organize, summarize and interpret numerical data
-Descriptive statistics: organizing and summarizing data
-Inferential statistics: interpreting data and drawing conclusions
Population vs Sample
Descriptive Statistics: Measures of central tendency
Measures of central tendency:
-typical or average score in a distribution
Mean: arithmetic average
Median: score that falls exactly in the middle of your distribution if it is put in order.
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Document Summary
Names are important, know which psychologists were part of which type of psychology. Observational research: -become part of society or community, or be hidden. Case studies: looks at one or just a few individuals, in depth investigation (after the fact, no control). Statistics: using mathematics to organize, summarize and interpret numerical data. Median: score that falls exactly in the middle of your distribution if it is put in order. Score that is drastically different than the rest of the scores. Use the median if an outlier is present. How much scores vary from each other and form the mean. Low variability in data set=low standard deviation (refer to graph in textbook) Higher scores on one variable associated with higher scores on a second variable. Higher scores on one variable associated with lower scores on a second variable. Statistical tests include: pearson"s r, spearman"s rho, phi coefficient. Closer to -1. 00 or +1. 00, the stronger the correlation.
