AHSS 1020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Perpetual Peace, Bmw S38, Structural Violence
18 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Human Security and World Disorder Week 12 April 4th, 2017
Exam
Identical to the midterm: multiple choice, maybe short answer (definition) & long answer
Follow the review outline/questions
Unit 9
PEACE OUT
(S2) What is perpetual/true “peace”?
Negative peace involves averting war or the absence of direct or personal violence
Positive peace is the absence of structural violence, but this implies examining the inescapable
connection between direct violence and social injustice
“true peace is not merely the absence of tension, it is the presence of justice” M.L. King
“Why do we allow poverty to exist?”
(S3-8) Immanuel Kant’s Perpetual Peace (1795)
“b/c of reason we have the ability for peace”
“all of the states (countries) have to sign onto basic principles of the republicans”
Kant’s theory of peace has lost none of its relevance over time
Because of the United Nations and the international world system after the end of the Cold War,
his theory of peace has been gaining attention since 1989
Takes the form of a treaty composed of preliminary (background) and definitive (actions that
MUST be taken by States and Leaders) articles, including secret articles and appendices
Relatively simple and attainable set of rules by which individuals abide to maintain peace in
anarchy;
These hinge on the capacity of humans to learn, to practice good will, to engage in coorperation
(enlightenment ideals)
In one manner, he portrays ‘perpetual peace’ between states as an attainable, if distant,
ideal;
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
in another, it is seen to be a principle towards which we are morally compelled to strive,
regardless of whether or not its realisation in practice is feasible
Basic argument is that rue peace is possibly only when States are organized externally according
to “republican” principles, when they are organized externally into a voluntary league that
promotes peace, and when they respect the human rights not only of their own citizens but also
of foreigners
Just like individuals prefer to leave their state of nature in order to establish a civil society,
particular states choose to enter into a civil constitution to guarantee their rights and avoid the
permanent threat of war
Perpetual peace consists of two sections
Section 1: the preliminary articles of a perpetual peace between states (upon which a lasting
peace may be built)
Includes:
- no conclusion of Peace shall be held to be valid as such, when it has been made with the
secret reservation of the material for a future war. (agree to stop fighting)
- no state having an existence by itself-whether it be small or large-shall be acquirable by
another state through inheritance, exchange, purchase or donation
- standing armies shall be entirely abolished in the course of time
- no national debts shall be contracted in connection with the external affairs another
state
- no state shall intermeddle by force with the constitution or government of another
state
- no state at war with another shall adopt such modes of hostility as would necessarily
render mutual confidence impossible in a future peace
these are condition which must be met in order to make a perpetual peace
Section 2: three definitive articles (upon which a lasting peace may be built)
1. the civil constitution of every state should be republican
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Identical to the midterm: multiple choice, maybe short answer (definition) & long answer. Negative peace involves averting war or the absence of direct or personal violence. Positive peace is the absence of structural violence, but this implies examining the inescapable connection between direct violence and social injustice. True peace is not merely the absence of tension, it is the presence of justice m. l. Why do we allow poverty to exist? (s3-8) immanuel kant"s perpetual peace (1795) B/c of reason we have the ability for peace . All of the states (countries) have to sign onto basic principles of the republicans . Kant"s theory of peace has lost none of its relevance over time. Because of the united nations and the international world system after the end of the cold war, his theory of peace has been gaining attention since 1989. Takes the form of a treaty composed of preliminary (background) and definitive (actions that.
