CRMN 1000U Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Crime Mapping, Problem Solving, Durham Regional Police Service
13 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
October 20th, 2017
The Practice of Policing and Policing and the Law
Lecture 6
Practice of Policing
• Throughout existence – police practiced preventative patrols
• ’s – reactive patrols introduced
• reactive patrols – after crime occurs
The Reactive Approach
• Incident based policing
• Speed of response time – best method of apprehending suspects
• Respond in motor vehicle
• When not responding to incident – preventative patrols
Patrol
• Patol offies …ost isile opoet of etie iial justie sste.
• Cars, bicycles, horseback, foot
• Tpial ole: outie oseatio
• Most activities – not crime related
Active patrol officers (Goff 183)
1. Deter crime by maintaining a visible presence
2. Maintain public order within the patrol area
3. Enable the police department to respond quickly to law violations and other
emergencies
4. Identify and apprehend law violators
5. Aid individuals and care for those who cannot help themselves
6. Facilitate the movement of traffic and people
7. Create a feeling of security within the community
8. Obtain statements from crime witnesses and victims
9. Arrest suspects and transport them to a police facility for investigation
Police efficiency
• Traditional measures:
1. Response time
2. Arrest rates
Management of demand/differential response
• Categorize calls
• Emergency vs. non-emergency
• Standard policy across Canada
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Police patrol
• Over 50 years – reactive – style policing
• Research – questioned approach
Foot Patrol
• 19th and early 20th century – mainstay
• 1920s – introduction of motor vehicle patrols – disappeared
• reappearance – late 1970s due to citizen complaints – lack of contact
• today – emphasis – greater interaction with community/solving community problems
Directed patrol
• orders – how to use patrol time
e.g.
o certain amount in certain locations/certain crime
• technological innovations – increase use
• crime mapping systems – GIS
• Identifies crime patterns in specific areas
Proactive Policing
• ’s – e stle of poliig
• police – engage in positive measures – control crime
• belief – too much time spent on organization vs. crime problems need to solve
Hot spots patrol
• Crime – not random
• Few places
• Particular times
• Few offenders
• Developed based on crime analyses
• Certain amount of patrol time/locations – watch for specific crimes
• Displacement effect: reduce crime – or force crime into other areas?
Broken Windows Model
• 1982 article – The Atlantic Monthly
• Kelling and Wilson
• Broken Windows: The Polie and Neighorhood “afety
• Four Components
1. Neighbourhood disorder creates fear
2. Neighbourhoods give out crime promoting signals
3. Serious criminals move in
4. Police need citizens cooperation
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
The practice of policing and policing and the law. Practice of policing: throughout existence police practiced preventative patrols, (cid:1005)(cid:1013)(cid:1006)(cid:1004)"s reactive patrols introduced reactive patrols after crime occurs. Incident based policing: speed of response time best method of apprehending suspects, respond in motor vehicle, when not responding to incident preventative patrols. Patrol: pat(cid:396)ol offi(cid:272)e(cid:396)s (cid:862) (cid:373)ost (cid:448)isi(cid:271)le (cid:272)o(cid:373)po(cid:374)e(cid:374)t of e(cid:374)ti(cid:396)e (cid:272)(cid:396)i(cid:373)i(cid:374)al justi(cid:272)e s(cid:455)ste(cid:373). (cid:863, cars, bicycles, horseback, foot, t(cid:455)pi(cid:272)al (cid:396)ole: (cid:862)(cid:396)outi(cid:374)e o(cid:271)se(cid:396)(cid:448)atio(cid:374)(cid:863, most activities not crime related. Police efficiency: traditional measures, response time, arrest rates. Management of demand/differential response: categorize calls, emergency vs. non-emergency, standard policy across canada. Police patrol: over 50 years reactive style policing, research questioned approach. Directed patrol: orders how to use patrol time e. g. certain amount in certain locations/certain crime technological innovations increase use, crime mapping systems gis. Proactive policing: (cid:1005)(cid:1013)(cid:1011)(cid:1004)"s (cid:862)(cid:374)e(cid:449)(cid:863) st(cid:455)le of poli(cid:272)i(cid:374)g, police engage in positive measures control crime, belief too much time spent on organization vs. crime problems need to solve.
