BIO 3302 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Croatian Radiotelevision, Nfkb1, Partial Pressure
13 Dec 2016
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LECTURE 12 – OSMOREGULATION AND EXCRETION
LL11
Sparrows can fly at high altitudes where mice are calmatose? Higher blood O2 affinity, efficient lung
and better heart.
• False, blood o2 affinity does not change.
Hyperventilating before a dive extends dive time by increasing arterial PO2 and blood[O2].
• False, decreasing partial pressure of CO2 not increasing PO2
Muscles of adapted diver may contain up to 10x of myosin from non-diving mammals
• MYOGLOBIN NOT MYOSIN
High p50 of elephant seal blood suggest they dive with lungs full of air
• False, affinity tells you something about whether the lungs are fill of air or not
• High affinity favours oxygen unloading
• Need to extract from lung which means low affinity
• SO elephant seal dives on empty lung
Dive response
• TRUE fallen heart rate leads to vasoconstriction
People may faint during diving causing fall in blood pressure caused by dive response
• False, hyperventilating before dive will faint bc low CO2.
• Fall in bp is false bc it is normal (does not decrease or increase)
Do humans show dive response?
• Less blood going to muscles and kidneys so likely to produce less urine and less bleeding of
muscles.
• In-class experiment:
Human dive response - longer dive so lower heart response.
1. Resting HR
2. HR at 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40 s of breath hold
3. Recovery HR at 60 s after breath hold
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
•
• Divers spare o2 to tissues that are more sensitive
• Max o2 stores and minimize o2 use
• Gas bubble disease or bends
ION AND WATER BALANCE
O2 is key component of internal envt of animal, also salt levels, water levels and pH are almost as
impt.
• Maintaining these balances are very impt to internal envt - chp 13 in text.
• Vertebrate kidney
BASIC PRINCIPLES
• PROB: maintenance of internal envt
o Intra and extracellular envt differ
o Role of ECF
• K higher in cell and lower in ECF, other salts higher in ECF and lower in cell, water
usually same.
• Internal homeostasis
o Osmotic regulation - by regulating water
o Ionic regulation - regulating salts
o Excretion
• Closely related processes
• Strategies
o Osmoregulators vs osmoconformers
o Energy reqts?
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Higher blood o2 affinity, efficient lung and better heart. Hyperventilating before a dive extends dive time by increasing arterial po2 and blood[o2]. False, decreasing partial pressure of co2 not increasing po2. Muscles of adapted diver may contain up to 10x of myosin from non-diving mammals: myoglobin not myosin. High p50 of elephant seal blood suggest they dive with lungs full of air. False, affinity tells you something about whether the lungs are fill of air or not: high affinity favours oxygen unloading, need to extract from lung which means low affinity. Dive response: true fallen heart rate leads to vasoconstriction. People may faint during diving causing fall in blood pressure caused by dive response. False, hyperventilating before dive will faint bc low co2. Fall in bp is false bc it is normal (does not decrease or increase) Less blood going to muscles and kidneys so likely to produce less urine and less bleeding of muscles.
