BPS 2110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Ketone, Aliphatic Compound, Grapefruit Juice
7 Nov 2017
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Mainly by liver enzymes belonging to the cytochrome p-450 family. Almost a dozen variations have been identi ed in humans. Cyp3a4 is the most important one - involved in the metabolism of approximately half the drugs that are used to day. Cyp2c19 is the next most important one. Most metabolism is done by adding hydroxyl groups to make hydrophobic hydrophilic. These enzymes accept compounds with widely different shapes and sizes (uses lock and key mechanism. Introduce oxygen into the molecule using molecular oxygen. Cyp3a4 accepts multiple substrates - allows it to metabolize so many drugs. Introduction of an oh group at a saturated carbon atom (sp3 hybridized) A key part of the active site in the cytochrome enzymes is the iron centre (fe+2) Reaction with oxygen to form an fe-hydroperoxy radical step 1. Abstraction of a relatively weak c-h bond from the substrate to form fe-hydroperoxide and a carbon centered radical step 2.
