PSY 2105 Lecture 2: Background and Theories II

• School: University of Ottawa
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSY 2105
• Professor: Kim Yurkowski

Document Summary

Theories of dev: four general theoretical views, cognitive-developmental approach, sociocultural approach, environmental/learning approach, evolutionary approach. Cognitive-developmental approach: emphasis on cognition, changes in (cid:272)hildre(cid:374)"s (cid:271)eha(cid:448)iours a(cid:374)d a(cid:271)ilities results fro(cid:373) (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ges i(cid:374) (cid:272)hildre(cid:374)"s knowledge and intellectual skills, goal: to (cid:271)etter u(cid:374)dersta(cid:374)d (cid:272)hildre(cid:374)"s k(cid:374)o(cid:449)ledge, ho(cid:449) it is orga(cid:374)ized a(cid:374)d ho(cid:449) it (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ges throughout their development. Piaget"s theor(cid:455: genetic epistemology: the stud(cid:455) of (cid:272)hildre(cid:374)"s k(cid:374)o(cid:449)ledge a(cid:374)d ho(cid:449) it (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ges (cid:449)ith development, human development can be explained by, functions: inborn biological processes, remain unchanged, constructs cognitive structures, cognitive structures: changes repeatedly. Organization: new knowledge must be integrated with old knowledge. Adaptation: survival= ability to fit with the new environment: assimilation: understanding new information based on existing schemes, accommodation: modifying existing schemes to fit with new experiences, stages of development: Sensorimotor period: birth through age 2. Initial schemes = simple reflexes + knowledge of the world is based on interactions with people and objects.