SOC 1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Counterculture, Frank Tannenbaum, Ethnomethodology
19 Jun 2018
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Tuesday, March 15, 2016
Deviance: Breaking Bad
Deviance- a violation of a cultural/societal norm, hence to deviant from the norm
-deviance can be viewed as absolute or as relative to the group being studied
-societies divide deviance into more or less serious forms, representing mores and folkways
Social Constructionism
-if men define situations as real , they are real in their consequences (W.I. Thomas, 1928: 572)
-Labelling theory
- Frank Tannenbaum (1938) Crime and Community
- dramatization of evil in regards to youth
-Edwin Lemert (1951) Social Pathology
- primary deviation-rule breaking
- secondary deviation-agreement with societies reaction
Moral Careers and Deviant Subcultures
-in his famous work, Outsiders: studies in the sociology of deviance, Howard Becker (1973)
elaborated the processes through which:
- primary deviance leads to secondary deviance
- the importance of deviant subcultures in maintaining the deviant self image
-outsiders refer to people labeled as deviants who accept the deviant labels
Becker’s stages of becoming an outsider
-Becker (1973) described a 3 stage process by which individuals become outsiders:
- an individual commits a deviant act (primary deviance)
- the person begins to accept the deviant status (secondary deviance)
- the deviant joins a deviant subculture
-master status:
- basis of personal identity
- self- fulfilling prophecy
Stigma and Deviance
-deviance can take many forms
-erving goffman (1963) defined stigma as “an attribute that is deeply discrediting”
-stigma can take 3 forms:
- a physical deformity
- being part of an undesirable social group
- a character flaw
The Career of the Mental Patient
-ervin goffman (1961) studied the ways that mentally-ill patients managed stigma in asylums
-he described mental institutions as total institutions, places where individuals are required to
isolate themselves from the rest of society
-the goal of the asylum is to force the patient to adjust her senses of self
-goffman found that individuals with stigma try to cover up their deviance by passing ways that
people try to make themselves look like “normal” people and covering, ways of concealing
their problems from people
Ethnomethodology and Deviance
-Ethnomethodology emphasizes how individuals construct and defend their views of social
reality
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Document Summary
Deviance- a violation of a cultural/societal norm, hence to deviant from the norm. Deviance can be viewed as absolute or as relative to the group being studied. Societies divide deviance into more or less serious forms, representing mores and folkways. If men de ne situations as real , they are real in their consequences (w. i. Dramatization of evil in regards to youth. In his famous work, outsiders: studies in the sociology of deviance, howard becker (1973) elaborated the processes through which: The importance of deviant subcultures in maintaining the deviant self image. Outsiders refer to people labeled as deviants who accept the deviant labels. Becker (1973) described a 3 stage process by which individuals become outsiders: An individual commits a deviant act (primary deviance) The person begins to accept the deviant status (secondary deviance) Erving goffman (1963) de ned stigma as an attribute that is deeply discrediting . Being part of an undesirable social group.
