BIO200H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Methyl Group, Acetyl Group, Nucleophile
Document Summary
Cytochrome p450 very important in phase i: involved in various oxidation reactions. * keeping in mind, it oxidizes by adding a hydroxyl (oh) group. Cyp450 is a monooxygenase, meaning it adds 1 oh group to whatever is being oxidized. Dehydrogenase reaction: converts alcohols eventually to carboxylic acids. This is true because aldehydes are very unstable since they"re electrophilic (electron seeking) ; the aldehydes will be stabilized and converted or will be attacked by stuff within the body such as water, or stuff in dna. Hydrolysis reaction: hydro = water, lysis=breaking down. Can be mediated by enzymes such as: peptidases: breaks peptide bonds, esterases: breaks ester bonds, dehydrogenases: convert alcohols to carboxylic acids. Amylases: breaks down sugar polymers to sugar monomers. The main goal of phase ii reactions is to add on large polar molecules to enhance elimination you"re building up on the phase i metabolism. Facilitated by transferase enzymes (enzymes that transfer stuff onto groups: several classes of transferases exist.
