BIO210Y5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Adipose Tissue, Chondrocyte, Posterior Pituitary
Document Summary
Secreted by hypothalamus, heart, thymus, digestive tract, pancreas. Eicosanoids: important paracrine factors that coordinate cellular activities and affect enzymatic processes in extracellular fluids (prostaglandin e) Steroid hormones: released by reproductive hormones organs, by adrenal cortex and kidneys (estrogen) Hypothalamus: secretes hormones involved with fluid balance, smooth muscle contraction, control of hormone secretion by the anterior lobe of pituitary gland. Pituitary gland: secretes hormones that regulate adrenal cortex, thyroid gland and reproductive organs; hormone that stimulate melanin production. Thyroid gland: secretes hormones that affect metabolic rate and calcium ion levels in body fluids. Adrenal glands: mineral balance, metabolic control, resistance to stress. First messenger: hormone which binds to receptor on a target cell. Second messenger: camp and calcium ions; exert the hormone"s effects in the cell. Steroid hormones diffuse across the phospholipid bilayer and binds to receptors in cytoplasm or nucleus. Hormone-receptor complexes alter the activity of specific genes (gene activation) Directly affect the cell"s metabolic activity and structure.
