ENV100Y5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 42: Cool Air, Warm Front, Cold Front
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ENV100Y5 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Patterns of average atmospheric conditions across large geographic regions and long periods of time. Atmospheric conditions over short time periods and small geographic areas. A large volume of air that is relatively homogeneous in temperature and humidity. Boundary between air masses that differ in temperature, moisture, and density. Front is named for the of air mass that is arriving. Warm, moist air moves in to replace colder, dry air that is moving away. Where cold, dry air is pushing into warmer, moister air. Convection: hot air rises, cool air sinks, moves air, warm, less dense air rises, creating vertical currents rising air expands, cools, moisture condenses, precipitation falls, cool, dry air descends and compresses, becoming warmer. Pressure gradient force: variation in atmosphere pressure, affects wind speed, horizontal variation in atmospheric pressure, air moves from areas of high to low pressure. Low-pressure zone leads to convergence at the surface; divergence aloft. High-pressure zone leads to divergence at the surface; convergence aloft.
