HIS357H5 Lecture 2: Terms and Names for Lecture 2
Document Summary
Investiture controversy: two-swords theory pope gregory vii (1073-85) Happened in the 11th and 12th centuries between the church and state. Pope gregory vii who argued for papal authority against the 6 y/o holy roman emperor, Popes challenged monarch authority over investitures over church members. Gregory decreed that only popes could appoint/remove bishops from districts. Henry iv grew up and ignored the decree and withdrew support of gregory as pope. In 1076, gregory excommunicated henry iv as german king because he had replaced the bishop of milan with one he himself chose. Rebellion led to fighting, and henry iv had no choice save to go to italy to apologise to. Gregory accepted and returned title to henry, but germans elected a new king. Henry killed new king in 1081, and went to rome to remove gregory. Norman allies saved gregory, but sacked rome; romans went against gregory and he had to flee south.
