PHL210Y5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Baruch Spinoza, Individuation
16 Jan 2018
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Spinoza - is a pantheous: means the entire universe is god, and god is the entire universe. He starts with concepts from descartes: modes are perceived through a substance, takes that idea and gives it a twist, thinks there are infinitely amount of substances not just thought and extension (descartes) Spin thinks all substances believes to god, yet god is one thing. Pan-psychist: on one hand its extended, and on the other is thinking. One substance, god, has lots of different modes. Conceptual connection: descartes: between a mode and a substance. Spinoza: also between an effect and its cause: results: one substance cant cause another, no mind-body interaction. Psr: principle of sufficient reason: there is a full, sufficient explanation for everything, take a(cid:374)(cid:455)thi(cid:374)g that e(cid:454)ists there is sufficie(cid:374)t i(cid:374)fo to e(cid:454)plai(cid:374) it (cid:894)co(cid:373)plete e(cid:454)pla(cid:374)atio(cid:374)(cid:895, that is intelligible to us. Individuation: what makes one thing different from another: they have different attributes, they have different modes.
