PSY210H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Jean Berko Gleason, Voice-Onset Time, Language Acquisition Device
15 Jan 2017
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Document Summary
Language = communication system in which words + written symbols combine in regulated ways to produce an infinite number of messages. Phonology: composed of phonemes = basic, smallest sound unit that can change meaning, ~45 in. Morphology: phoneme combination rules to form words, smallest unit of meaning ex. Unhappy un means not so not happy; submarine = 2 morphemes but 9 phonemes. Semantics: meaning of part/words; free and bound morphemes; also includes grammar = word combination rules; scrambling word order changes meaning ex. Pragmatics: social knowledge of how language is used to communicate; conversation conventions (ex. Diff vocab + tone w toddlers) and social conventions (ex. Skinner: caregivers selectively reinforce speech-like babbling so those sounds occur more frequently but do not reinforce non-speech-like babbling. Bandura: language initially learned via imitation; can learn in one context + generalize to others. 1- every sound made would require positive reinforcement = lots of s-r pairs needed.
