PSY312H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Crystallization, Procedural Knowledge, Cognitive Flexibility
Lecture 10
November 30, 2016
Cognitive Changes in Early Adulthood
• Piaget: Postformal thought
• Perry: epistemic cognition
• Labouvie-Vief:
o Pragmatic thought
o Cognitive-affective complexity
What does development mean?
• The ability to think abstractly occurs around age 27-28
o Does not mean that ability to further learn has suddenly come to a stop
2 types of intelligence: Fluid vs. Crystallized
Very complex relationship between cognition and affect: What we think and how we feel are
directly associated with one another
o I’ er aious, I aot do the test right o
Development of Epistemic Cognition
• Dualistic thinking
• Relatiisti thikig: Is this ho I should e thikig i this eiroet?
• Commitment within relativistic thinking
Challenges, opportunities to reflect, and peers all contribute to development
Development of Pragmatic Thought
Adulthood brings the chance to solve real-world problems
• Balancing roles
• New ways of thinking
• Compromise
Cognitive-affective complexity grows
• Adult emotional intelligence
Expertise and Creativity
• Expertise = acquisition of extensive knowledge in a field
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
o Takes many years
o Affects information processing
• Effects on creativity
o Move to problem finding
o 10-year rule
o Creativity usually rises in early adulthood
o Requires multiple qualities
The College Experience
Formative, influential, developmental testing ground.
Exposure to new ideas, beliefs, demands leads to cognitive growth, new thinking patterns
o Relativistic thinking
o Increased self-understanding
Depend on participation in campus life
Dropping out of College
• 30-50% drop out
Personal factors
• Preparation, motivation, skills
• Financial problems, low SES
Institutional factors
• Little help, community
• Cultural disrespect
Early Support crucial
Periods of Vocational Development
Fantasy Period
Tentative Period
Realistic Period
o Exploration
o Crystallization
Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Cognitive changes in early adulthood: piaget: postformal thought, perry: epistemic cognition, labouvie-vief, pragmatic thought, cognitive-affective complexity. What does development mean: the ability to think abstractly occurs around age 27-28, does not mean that ability to further learn has suddenly come to a stop. Very complex relationship between cognition and affect: what we think and how we feel are directly associated with one another: (cid:862)i"(cid:373) (cid:448)er(cid:455) a(cid:374)(cid:454)ious, i (cid:272)a(cid:374)(cid:374)ot do the test right (cid:374)o(cid:449)(cid:863) Development of epistemic cognition: dualistic thinking, relati(cid:448)isti(cid:272) thi(cid:374)ki(cid:374)g: (cid:862)is this ho(cid:449) i should (cid:271)e thi(cid:374)ki(cid:374)g i(cid:374) this e(cid:374)(cid:448)iro(cid:374)(cid:373)e(cid:374)t? (cid:863, commitment within relativistic thinking. Challenges, opportunities to reflect, and peers all contribute to development. Adulthood brings the chance to solve real-world problems: balancing roles, new ways of thinking, compromise. Expertise and creativity: expertise = acquisition of extensive knowledge in a field, takes many years, affects information processing, effects on creativity, move to problem finding, 10-year rule, creativity usually rises in early adulthood, requires multiple qualities.
