PSY355H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Cloning, Genetic Variability, Chromosome
Document Summary
Gene: nucleotide sequence, which codes for protein: a particular ratio of dna can code for multiple types of proteins- so. With female genome: use mitochondrial dna. For paternal genotyping- no recombination on y chromosome so test lineage through it. Other regions affecting gene expression- not just promoter also enhancers, suppressors. Dna is more stable, rna can be catalytic, replication is definition of life. All dependent on what genes are active in these cells: around 60% of genome at any given moment in time is expressed in brain so huge proportion working actively. One experiment reveals mrna levels of thousands of genes from one tissue. Useful at studying: deep sequencing- quantitative and you can measure a lot of genes. Mutations: mutagens like uv, gamma radiation- can damage dna, usually leads to somatic mutations not germ-line, x-ray can penetrate very deep, large scale mutations:
