SOC219H5 Lecture Notes - Hegemonic Masculinity, Toxic Masculinity, Subculture
Current Rates of Female Imprisonment !
-13% of those in provincial/territorial custody = women!
"-38% of women in provincial/territorial custody = indigenous women !
-7% of those in federal custody = women!
"-31% of women federal custody = indigenous women!
"-the over-representation of indigenous adults in custody is more pronounced for women
than men!
"-fastest growing population in prison !
-Cost $230/day for women vs. $130-$254/day for men (depending on security level) !
"-pretty big spread on the housing of inmates, men in maximum security cost more to
house vs men in less security. Level of expertise !
Rehabilitation? !
-the way imprison women in Canada!
-target issues that lead women to commit crime in the first place !
-traditionally women were seen as unworthy of training/programming, women were not seen as
resources required to train them. Women were placed in poor quality. !
"-poor in quality and quantity compared to male offenders !
"-not major breadwinners!
"-small prison population !
-Typically sexist !
"-based on traditionally norms regarding domesticity, proper mothers, how to clean and
cook, these programs rarely gave them skills that would help them progress post release. !
-Pathway research helped identify women needs!
"-mental health, trauma, poverty, parenting/pregnancy, HIV/AIDS, education/skills
training !
"-Without, prison - more onerous !
"-Remains limited !
"-by not providing women this care it makes imprisonment even more unfair, being a
mother makes being in prison much harder compared to women without children being in
prison !
-Correctional Services of Canada Designation system !
-some women are likely to classified as maximum security offenders, tend to find that
indigenous women are to be classified at high risks due to addictions, difficulty complying with
prison rules. This means when a offender is complied as maximum security risk they don’t
have access to programming and training programs. The determination of risk does not take
into account gender, race, and class. !
-women’s needs remain unaddressed !
Prison Subculture !
-Men and women “do” time differently !
"-how men and women respond in prison is different, females treat each other better in
prisons cause they are inclined to close relationships in prison where as men feel more stress
and pressure from other inmates !
-Female prisoners treat each other better!
-Women with children = a harder time adjusting!
-some prisons allow female inmate to live with their children in prisons but many females don’t
choose that option !
-there tends to be less racial segregation between women compared to men due to the fact
that women are inclined to form close relationships !
-more women than men report feeling safest while in custody(due to life circumstances prior to
being incarcerated) !
-men have more pressure to adhere to “convict code” - men are to show less emotion, ready
to fight back !
