SOC219H5 Lecture Notes - Queer Theory, Sexual Assault, School Bullying
Future Directions in Gender, Crime and Justice !
Queer Criminology !
-Experience higher levels of actual abuse, and threats of abuse and violence while they’re at
school, more likely to report feeling unsafe at school, also increased risks of sexual assault and
intimate partner violence.!
-Despite this sexual orientation has received very little attention by criminological scholars.
Sexual orientation was something that was assumed, heterosexuality was teens as the norm,
this is something that is reflected on the early works and theories. For Example. Marriage of
men to women. Early labelling theorist saw that homosexuality was a deviant label similar to
being a criminal. Sexual assault and intimate partner abuse focused on heterosexual
relationships so between men and women, there is a real lack of research in relationships that
go beyond heterosexual norms. Due to this the relevancy of these findings need to be
questioned. !
-Homophobia - Connor says lack of data an theories on LGBTQ because there is a tradition of
viewing the LGBTQ seeing these people are deviant. !
-Queer criminology works to overcome these views and challenges by focusing on experiences
of youth from the LGBTQ community. Recently they have gained from attention, and is
receiving more representation in criminological meetings and conferences but still remains a
understudied area. !
"*******Multiple choice question on this information (Queer theory)*******!
Experiencing the CJS as someone Identifying as LGBTQ !
-Historical relationship between CJS and the treatment of LGBTQ group, distrust between
people who deviate heterosexual norms. !
"Ex. 1965- Everett Clipper was arrested and convicted because he told the police he
way gay and he had sex with over 24 men and said he had no plans of changing and he was
seen as a dangerous criminal. !
-Homosexuality remains a criminal offence until 1969, when the PM Trudeau decriminalized it.
But severe distrust between the gay community and police continued. !
-Toronto Bathhouse Raid where police brutally treated several gay men!
-Theres been changes to the criminal code, individuals of the LGBTQ community are still at
higher risk of being arrested, due to parental misunderstanding, school bullying and because of
these things the LGBTQ are at higher risks of running away, addictions, homelessness which
may lead to criminal behaviour and also may lead to depression, suicide, and prostitution
which puts them at higher risks of being arrested. !
-Lack of understanding what the needs of this community are, limited programs, as a result
punishment tends to be more punitive. !
-Once in custody they are expected to follow gender norms and expectations, if they continue
to be themselves then they are further penalized putting them at a higher risk of being abused
by fellow inmates and guards and puts them at risk of segregation. !
How are Transgender People Treated In The System!
-continued misunderstanding and ignorance of what their needs are !
-higher risk of sexual abuse !
