BIOB32H3 Lecture Notes - Skeleton, Metacarpal Bones, Coccyx
28 Mar 2013
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Document Summary
The appendicular skeleton: upper and lower limbs, pectoral and pelvic girdle. Pectoral girdle (shoulder girdle: articulates the upper limbs with the trunk, consists of clavicle and scapula. Clavicle and scapula: position the shoulder joint, help move the upper limb, provide a base for muscle attachment. Scapula markings are attachment sites for tendons/ligaments of shoulder joint. The upper limbs: scapula articulates with the humerus at the glenohumoral joint, greater and lesser tubercles are muscle attachment sites. Carpal bones and hand: carpus forms wrist, two rows of short bones, distal row articulates with metacarpals, four fingers have three phalanges, pollex (thumb) has two. The pelvic girdle and lower limbs: more massive than the pectoral girdle, consists of two os coxae, fusion of ilium, ischium and pubis. Ilium: largest hip bone, within acetabulum, fused to the ischium (posteriorly) and the pubis (anteriorly, pubic symphysis limits left to right.
