PSYA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Cognitive Map, Classical Conditioning, Observational Learning
Document Summary
Operant conditioning: a type of learning in which behaviour is influenced by consequences, operant. Used because the individual operates on the environment before consequences can occur: operant conditioning involves voluntary actions. Example: speaking or listening, starting & stopping an activity, and moving toward and away from something: classical conditioning. A response is not required for a reward (or unconditioned stimulus) to be presented. Example: earning good grades is generally contingent upon studying effectively. Excelling a athletics is contingent upon training and practice. The consequences of a particular behaviour can be either reinforcing or punishing. Is a process in which an event or reward that follows a response increases the likelihood of that response occurring again. Example: pressing a pedal on the floor of the box: proposed: The idea that responses followed by satisfaction will occur again and those that are not followed by satisfaction become less likely. Satisfaction achieved: implies either that the animal"s desired goal was.
